# Mediation Analysis: Labor Force & Human Capital Channels

| Dep Var | Mediator | Path a (Z1->M) | a p-value | Path b (M->Y) | b p-value | Total (c) | Direct (c') | Indirect | % Mediated | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| log(patents) | Working-age share | 0.5412 | 0.0000 | 7.6001 | 0.1499 | -6.9098 | -11.0772 | 4.1675 | -60.3126 | 1163 |
| log(patents) | Human capital index | 0.0909 | 0.7485 | 0.8902 | 0.0176 | -8.6873 | -8.7682 | 0.0810 | -0.9318 | 1021 |
| High-tech exports % | Working-age share | 0.5092 | 0.0000 | -45.7414 | 0.5506 | -75.2644 | -51.8615 | -23.4029 | 31.0943 | 815 |
| High-tech exports % | Human capital index | -0.4373 | 0.2461 | 1.4917 | 0.6047 | -101.1292 | -98.6244 | -2.5048 | 2.4768 | 519 |